Nephi wrote in “the language of the Egyptians.” Here is every verse of the record rendered into Late Egyptian of the 26th Dynasty and written in the characters of the Caractors document, with every name read as an Egyptian name and the Old Testament set beside it as a witness.
Line 6 of the Caractors document, Words of Mormon 1:1: “And now, these … I about to deliver up my record … I, Mormon … my son Moroni.” Read right to left.
Every verse of the Book of Mormon as a printed page in Saite hieratic: pronunciation, BOM hieratic, hieroglyph, transliteration, English, grammar. 6,594 verses, 8,050 pages.
Every person named in the Book of Mormon read as an Egyptian name, with the attested bearer, the citation, the story and the verse. 1,883 people across both records.
Every land, city, hill and river, read the same way. Zarahemla, Cumorah, Bountiful, Shazer, Irreantum. 972 places across both records.
One search over the English of both records, the names and the findings. Type a word; open the verse page.
Every chapter with its findings: the places where the Egyptian rendering shows a reader something the English does not. 7,599 findings.
The Old Testament in the same hand: 23,145 verses in four volumes, and the Book of Moses, so Isaiah can be laid beside 2 Nephi word for word.
Every Old Testament reading carries a grade: settled, strong, moderate, weak or phonetic. 3,015 graded readings, each with its basis.
Consonantal skeletons, the Godhead mapping, the pet-name ending, the eleven kinds of source and the Caractors sheet.
Pick a book. Each chapter shows its verses as printed pages and ends with the chapter’s findings.
6,594 verses, 239 chapters, 8,050 pages. Late Egyptian as a Saite scribe would phrase it, written in the Caractors’ own signs where the sheet has the word and in 26th-Dynasty hieratic for the rest. “And it came to pass” is ꜥḫr, from line 4 of the sheet.
Open the text →334 Book of Mormon names checked against 103,815 catalogue entries. 210 are whole attested Egyptian personal names. Mormon is Mr.jj-Jmn, beloved of the Hidden One; Nephi is Nfr.j, the good one.
Open the names →The Old Testament by the same method and in the same signs: 23,145 verses, 3,015 names graded, 162 of them shared with the Book of Mormon and spelled alike in both. Read with The Scripture Witness.
Open the Bible →Eight of the 366. Each entry gives the reading, the attested namesake, the evidence and the story.
The registerNephi wrote in the language of the Egyptians.
1 Nephi 1:2The record was kept in characters called reformed Egyptian, handed down and altered.
Mormon 9:32Lehi left Jerusalem in the first year of Zedekiah, in the days of Egypt’s 26th Dynasty.
1 Nephi 1:4The brass plates were written in Egyptian, and Lehi could read them because he was taught it.
Mosiah 1:4The Caractors document is a copy of characters from the plates; its signs are tested against Saite hieratic.
MethodA name means something or it was invented. That is testable.
MethodEvery reading is checkable: a published Egyptian name, a citation, a count. Nothing is invented.
GradesEgyptian r stands behind Hebrew l; the sibilants, velars, dentals and labials each form one class.
Muchiki 1999El is Ra, Jehovah is Iah, Christ is Shu, the Holy Ghost is Amun; a name in -el carries Rꜥ, in -iah carries Jꜥḥ.
The GodheadA short name in -i or -y is the Egyptian pet-name ending: Nephi, Lehi, Omni.
Mainz PNMA name that recurs keeps one reading across both records, unless the text means another person.
RuleThe Old Testament is written from the same keys, so Genesis and 1 Nephi spell a name alike.
Bible
| Name | Egyptian | Reading | Signs |
|---|---|---|---|
| Heavenly Father (El) | Ra | Rꜥ | 𓇳 |
| Jehovah | Iah, the moon | Jꜥḥ | 𓇋𓂝𓎛𓇹 |
| Jesus Christ | Shu | Šw | 𓈙𓆄𓅱𓀭 |
| The Holy Ghost | Amun, the Hidden One | Jmn | 𓇋𓏠𓈖 |
| Adam | Atum | Jtm | 𓇋𓏏𓅓 |
| Eve | Hut | Ḥw.t | 𓎛𓅱𓏏 |
| Satan | Set | Stẖ | 𓃩 |
So Lehi is Rꜥ-Ḥr.j, Sariah is Sr-t-Jꜥḥ, Alma is Rꜥ-Mꜣꜥt, the throne name of Ramesses II.
A grade says what a reading rests on, not how important the name is.